THERMIC
TREATMENTS

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TEMPERED IN SALTS

It is the thermic treatment process which immerses the piece in a molten salt bath that guarantees a homogeneous warming.

The speed of the treatment, the temperature uniformity, the absence of oxidation, and among all, the handling easiness, have to be mentioned among other advantages.

In HBM we have a salt furnaces line on which most steels can be tempered. Within the steels on which we can use this process, there are:

High speed
steels

• M2
• M35
• M42
• T4
• Among others

Machinery grade
steels

• 4140
• 1045​
• 1018​
• 1060​
• 1075
• Among others

Tool grade
steels

• H11​
• H13​​
• D2​
• D3​​
• 01
• A2​
• Among others​

Stainless steels

VACUUM TEMPERED

It is the thermic treatment process where pieces are placed in a chamber subject to high vacuum, and at the same time, through electric resistances (usually made of graphite), all the chamber is heated to the desired temperature for the process.

One of the advantages of this process is that the material does not have contact with any element, which makes it a clean job.

In HBM we have 3 high-vacuum furnaces where we temperate, among others, the following kinds of steel:

• D2
• H13
• A2
• S7

• D2

• H13

• A2

• S7

ANNEALING

Basically, it consists in a heating to the austenitizing temperature (800-925°C) following by a slow cooling. With this treatment, we can increase elasticity while hardness decreases.

It also eases the machining of the pieces by homogenizing the structure, tunning the ground, and softening the material, eliminating the acridity produced by the cold work and the internal tensions.

NITRIDING

It is a thermochemical treatment which modifies the steel composition adding nitrogen while it is heated. The result is an increase on the pieces surface hardness, and of the resistance to corrosion and fatigue.

This process is usually performed in drills broaches, taps, or molds, in order to improve the mechanical performance of speed steels tools.

In HBM we perform the nitriding in salt furnaces at a temperature between 526 and 650°C for a time between 60-240 minutes, depending on the piece’s thickness.

STRESS RELIEVING

It is a treatment consisting in eliminating the tension or stress produced during the machining or welding application, prior to its definitive treatment, avoiding with it deformations or possible non-desirable consequences on its pieces.

Usually, the stress relieving process is performed with a temperature between 550 and 700°C, and may last up to 2 hours.

This process can be made in salt furnaces or high-vacuum furnaces.

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